The leaflets are attached to and supported by a ring of tough, fibrous tissue called the annulus.The mitral valve has two leaflets the others have three.Each valve has a set of flaps, called leaflets or cusps.They prevent blood from flowing in the wrong direction. The heart valves work the same way as one-way valves in the plumbing of your home.Pulmonic valve (also called pulmonary valve) between the right ventricle and pulmonary artery.The aortic valve between the left ventricle and aorta.The tricuspid valve between the right atrium and right ventricle.Mitral valve between the left atrium and left ventricle.There are four heart valves within the heart: When blood leaves each chamber of the heart, it passes through a valve that is designed to prevent the backflow of blood. Normal heart anatomy and physiology need the atria and ventricles to work sequentially, contracting and relaxing to pump blood out of the heart and then to let the chambers refill. These arteries and their branches supply all parts of the heart muscle with blood.The circumflex artery supplies blood to the left atrium, side, and back of the left ventricle, and the left anterior descending artery supplies the front and bottom of the left ventricle and the front of the septum with blood. The left main coronary artery branches into the circumflex artery and the left anterior descending artery.It branches into the posterior descending artery, which supplies the bottom portion of the left ventricle and back of the septum with blood. The right coronary artery supplies the right atrium and right ventricle with blood.Two major coronary arteries branch off from the aorta near the point where the aorta and the left ventricle meet:.The coronary arteries and veins comprise the heart’s own mini-circulatory system.The coronary arteries are on the heart surface (left main, right coronary).The right and left sides of the heart are further divided into two top chambers called the atria (also termed the right and left atrium), which receive blood and then pump it into the two bottom chambers called ventricles, which pump blood to the lungs and to the body.It is divided into the left and right sides by a muscular wall called the septum.The normal heart anatomy consists of a four-chambered, hollow organ.It is covered by a sack termed the pericardium or pericardial sack. The heart is about the size of a closed fist, weighs about 10.5 ounces, and is somewhat cone-shaped.The heart is located under the rib cage - 2/3 of it is to the left of your breastbone (sternum) - and between your lungs and above the diaphragm.Illustrations of Blood Flow to the Heart Location and size of the heart It is not designed to present the many problems that can occur with the heart. This article is designed to help individuals learn the heart anatomy and circulatory system, and provide some insight into heart health. In addition, the normal sequence of electrical signals can be sped up or slowed down depending on the needs of the individual, for example, the heart will automatically speed up electrical signals to respond to a person running and will automatically slow down when a person takes a nap.The normal heart has 4 chambers that undergo the squeeze and relax cycle at specific time intervals that are regulated by a normal sequence of electrical signals that arise from specialized tissue. Heartbeat line series#The heart works by a regulated series of events that cause this muscular organ to contract (squeeze to push blood) and then relax (refill with blood).In general, if the heart stops beating, in about 4-6 minutes of no blood flow, brain cells begin to die and after 10 minutes of no blood flow, the brain cells will cease to function and effectively be dead.
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